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Minikube 설치하기
minkube 설치는 아래 사이트를 참고한다.
https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/start/
$ curl -LO <https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-darwin-arm64>
$ install minikube-darwin-arm64 /Users/ask/bin/minikube
start cluster
https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/drivers/docker/
driver 를 docker 로 사용하기 때문에 docker 를 미리 설치해 놓아야 한다.
$ docker context use default
이후에 minikube 로 cluster 를 생성한다.
$ minikube start --driver=docker --memory=4096
--- output ---
😄 Darwin 13.5.2 (arm64) 의 minikube v1.33.0
✨ 유저 환경 설정 정보에 기반하여 docker 드라이버를 사용하는 중
📌 Using Docker Desktop driver with root privileges
👍 Starting "minikube" primary control-plane node in "minikube" cluster
🚜 Pulling base image v0.0.43 ...
🔥 Creating docker container (CPUs=2, Memory=4096MB) ...
❗ This container is having trouble accessing <https://registry.k8s.io>
💡 To pull new external images, you may need to configure a proxy: <https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/reference/networking/proxy/>
🐳 쿠버네티스 v1.30.0 을 Docker 26.0.1 런타임으로 설치하는 중
▪ 인증서 및 키를 생성하는 중 ...
▪ 컨트롤 플레인을 부팅하는 중 ...
▪ RBAC 규칙을 구성하는 중 ...
🔗 bridge CNI (Container Networking Interface) 를 구성하는 중 ...
🔎 Kubernetes 구성 요소를 확인...
▪ Using image gcr.io/k8s-minikube/storage-provisioner:v5
🌟 애드온 활성화 : storage-provisioner, default-storageclass
❗ /Users/ask/bin/kubectl is version 1.28.2, which may have incompatibilities with Kubernetes 1.30.0.
▪ Want kubectl v1.30.0? Try 'minikube kubectl -- get pods -A'
🏄 끝났습니다! kubectl이 "minikube" 클러스터와 "default" 네임스페이스를 기본적으로 사용하도록 구성되었습니다.
디폴트 메모리를 config 에 세팅할 수 도 있다.
config 세팅은 기존에 만든 minikube node 에는 적용이 안되고 새롭게 만드는 노드에만 적용된다.
$ minikube config set memory 4096
node 추가
minikube 에 worker node 를 추가할 수 있다.
$ minikube node add
node 가 추가된 것을 볼 수 있다.
$ kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
minikube Ready control-plane 8m22s v1.30.0
minikube-m02 Ready <none> 86s v1.30.0
node 에 Role 을 추가하고 싶으면 다음과 같이 지정한다.
$ kubectl label node minikube-m02 node-role.kubernetes.io/node=enabled --overwrite
$ kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
minikube Ready control-plane 15m v1.30.0
minikube-m02 Ready node 8m12s v1.30.0
minikube 명령어
- 현재 설치된 minkube node 를 조회한다.
$ minkube status
--- output ---
minikube
type: Control Plane
host: Running
kubelet: Running
apiserver: Running
kubeconfig: Configured
minikube-m02
type: Worker
host: Running
kubelet: Running
- minikube 로 만든 kubernetes cluster 의 모든 namespace 를 잠시 멈춘다.
$ minkube pause -A
--- output --
⏸️ Pausing node minikube ...
⏸️ Pausing node m02 ...
⏯️ Paused 16 containers
- minkube 로 pause 한 cluster 를 다시 실행한다.
$ minikube unpause -A
--- output ---
⏸️ Unpausing node minikube ...
⏸️ Unpausing node m02 ...
⏸️ Unpaused 16 containers
- minikube 모든 노드를 중지한다.
$ minikube stop --all=true
--- output ---
✋ "minikube-m02" 노드를 중지하는 중 ...
🛑 "minikube-m02"를 SSH로 전원을 끕니다 ...
✋ "minikube" 노드를 중지하는 중 ...
🛑 "minikube"를 SSH로 전원을 끕니다 ...
🛑 2개의 노드가 중지되었습니다.
- aged 란 이름의 다른 쿠버네티스 버전을 추가로 설치한다.
$ minikube start -p aged --kubernetes-version=v1.28.2
- 모든 minikube 로 만든 kubernetes cluster 를 삭제한다.
minikube delete --all
- minikube addons 목록을 살펴본다.
$ minikube addons list
|-----------------------------|----------|--------------|--------------------------------|
| ADDON NAME | PROFILE | STATUS | MAINTAINER |
|-----------------------------|----------|--------------|--------------------------------|
| ambassador | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (Ambassador) |
| auto-pause | minikube | disabled | minikube |
| cloud-spanner | minikube | disabled | Google |
| csi-hostpath-driver | minikube | disabled | Kubernetes |
| dashboard | minikube | disabled | Kubernetes |
| default-storageclass | minikube | enabled ✅ | Kubernetes |
| efk | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (Elastic) |
| freshpod | minikube | disabled | Google |
| gcp-auth | minikube | disabled | Google |
| gvisor | minikube | disabled | minikube |
| headlamp | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (kinvolk.io) |
| helm-tiller | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (Helm) |
| inaccel | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (InAccel |
| | | | [info@inaccel.com]) |
| ingress | minikube | disabled | Kubernetes |
| ingress-dns | minikube | disabled | minikube |
| inspektor-gadget | minikube | disabled | 3rd party |
| | | | (inspektor-gadget.io) |
| istio | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (Istio) |
| istio-provisioner | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (Istio) |
| kong | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (Kong HQ) |
| kubeflow | minikube | disabled | 3rd party |
| kubevirt | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (KubeVirt) |
| logviewer | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (unknown) |
| metallb | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (MetalLB) |
| metrics-server | minikube | disabled | Kubernetes |
| nvidia-device-plugin | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (NVIDIA) |
| nvidia-driver-installer | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (Nvidia) |
| nvidia-gpu-device-plugin | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (Nvidia) |
| olm | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (Operator Framework) |
| pod-security-policy | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (unknown) |
| portainer | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (Portainer.io) |
| registry | minikube | disabled | minikube |
| registry-aliases | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (unknown) |
| registry-creds | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (UPMC Enterprises) |
| storage-provisioner | minikube | enabled ✅ | minikube |
| storage-provisioner-gluster | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (Gluster) |
| storage-provisioner-rancher | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (Rancher) |
| volumesnapshots | minikube | disabled | Kubernetes |
| yakd | minikube | disabled | 3rd party (marcnuri.com) |
|-----------------------------|----------|--------------|--------------------------------|
- dashboard 를 설치한다.
$ minikube addons enable dashboard
--- output ---
💡 dashboard is an addon maintained by Kubernetes. For any concerns contact minikube on GitHub.
You can view the list of minikube maintainers at: <https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/blob/master/OWNERS>
▪ Using image docker.io/kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.7.0
▪ Using image docker.io/kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.8
💡 Some dashboard features require the metrics-server addon. To enable all features please run:
minikube addons enable metrics-server
🌟 'dashboard' 애드온이 활성화되었습니다
- metrics-server 를 설치한다.
$ minikube addons enable metrics-server
--- output ---
💡 metrics-server is an addon maintained by Kubernetes. For any concerns contact minikube on GitHub.
You can view the list of minikube maintainers at: <https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/blob/master/OWNERS>
▪ Using image registry.k8s.io/metrics-server/metrics-server:v0.7.1
🌟 'metrics-server' 애드온이 활성화되었습니다
- dashboard 에 접속한다.
$ minikube dashboard --url
minikube trouble shooting
minikube 를 설치하고 pod 가 생성안되는 가장 큰 이유는 proxy 때문이다. 회사에서 proxy 를 사용한다면 proxy 세팅을 추가로 해줘야 한다.
아래 내용은 proxy 이외의 문제일 때 해결 방법이다.
- docker hub 으로 부터 이미지를 다운 받지 못하는 문제
Error response from daemon: Get "<https://registry-1.docker.io/v2/>": tls: failed to verify certificate: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority
minikube 의 docker-env 를 확인한 후 세팅한다.
$ minikube -p minikube docker-env
--- output ---
export DOCKER_TLS_VERIFY="1"
export DOCKER_HOST="tcp://127.0.0.1:53131"
export DOCKER_CERT_PATH="/Users/ask/.minikube/certs"
export MINIKUBE_ACTIVE_DOCKERD="minikube"
$ docker context create minikube --description "Minikube" --docker "host=tcp://localhost:53131,ca=/Users/ask/.minikube/certs/ca.pem,cert=/Users/ask/.minikube/certs/cert.pem,key=/Users/ask/.minikube/certs/key.pem"
$ docker context use minikube
위의 경우에는 minikube 를 띄울 때 --insecure-registry 를 추가한다.
$ minikube start --insecure-registry="registry-1.docker.io"
아니면 minikube 로 노드에 접속해서 docker 에 인증서를 추가한다.
$ minikube ssh
$ sudo su -
$ update-ca-certificates --fresh
$ openssl s_client -showcerts -verify 5 -connect k8s.gcr.io:443 < /dev/null 2>/dev/null | openssl x509 -outform PEM | tee ~/k8s.gcr.io.crt
$ openssl s_client -showcerts -verify 5 -connect registry-1.docker.io:443 < /dev/null 2>/dev/null | openssl x509 -outform PEM | tee ~/registry-1.docker.io.crt
$ openssl s_client -showcerts -verify 5 -connect auth.docker.io:443 < /dev/null 2>/dev/null | openssl x509 -outform PEM | tee ~/auth.docker.io.crt
$ cp ~/k8s.gcr.io.crt /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/
$ cp ~/registry-1.docker.io.crt /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/
$ cp ~/auth.docker.io.crt /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/
$ update-ca-certificates
$ systemctl restart docker
Kind 설치
kind 는 아래 설치 사이트를 참조한다.
https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/docs/user/quick-start/
$ [ $(uname -m) = arm64 ] && curl -Lo ./kind <https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/dl/v0.22.0/kind-darwin-arm64>
$ chmod +x kind
$ mv kind ~/bin/kind
kind config 세팅
image 는 아래 사이트에서 확인 가능하다.
https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kind/releases
kind config 는 여기를 참조한다.
https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/docs/user/quick-start/#configuring-your-kind-cluster
ingress 를 사용하기 위해서는 아래 내용 처럼 port mapping 을 해야 한다.
https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/docs/user/ingress
$ vi kind-config.yaml
kind: Cluster
apiVersion: kind.x-k8s.io/v1alpha4
# patch the generated kubeadm config with some extra settings
kubeadmConfigPatches:
- |
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: KubeletConfiguration
evictionHard:
nodefs.available: "0%"
# patch it further using a JSON 6902 patch
kubeadmConfigPatchesJSON6902:
- group: kubeadm.k8s.io
version: v1beta3
kind: ClusterConfiguration
patch: |
- op: add
path: /apiServer/certSANs/-
value: my-hostname
nodes:
- role: control-plane
image: kindest/node:v1.29.2@sha256:51a1434a5397193442f0be2a297b488b6c919ce8a3931be0ce822606ea5ca245
# extraPortMappings:
# - containerPort: 80
# hostPort: 10080
# listenAddress: "0.0.0.0" # Optional, defaults to "0.0.0.0"
# protocol: tcp # Optional, defaults to tcp
- role: worker
image: kindest/node:v1.29.2@sha256:51a1434a5397193442f0be2a297b488b6c919ce8a3931be0ce822606ea5ca245
#featureGates:
# FeatureGateName: true
kind create cluster
$ KIND_EXPERIMENTAL_PROVIDER=docker && kind create cluster --name kind --config kind-config.yaml
--- output ---
Creating cluster "kind" ...
✓ Ensuring node image (kindest/node:v1.29.2) 🖼
✓ Preparing nodes 📦 📦
✓ Writing configuration 📜
✓ Starting control-plane 🕹️
✓ Installing CNI 🔌
✓ Installing StorageClass 💾
✓ Joining worker nodes 🚜
Set kubectl context to "kind-kind"
You can now use your cluster with:
kubectl cluster-info --context kind-kind
Thanks for using kind! 😊
- kind cluster 보기
$ kind get clusters
- context 로 cluster 조회하기
$ kubectl cluster-info --context kind-kind
- cluster 삭제하기
$ kind delete cluster --name kind
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